{"id":"CVE-2025-38528","title":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers\n\nstatic const char fmt[] = \"%p%\";\n    bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt));\n\nThe above BPF program isn't rejected an…","summary":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers\n\nstatic const char fmt[] = \"%p%\";\n    bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt));\n\nThe above BPF program isn't rejected an…","severity":"high","cvss":7.1,"cvssVector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H","vendor":"linux","product":"linux_kernel","affected":["linux_kernel >= 5.13, < 5.15.190","linux_kernel >= 5.16, < 6.1.147","linux_kernel >= 6.2, < 6.6.100","linux_kernel >= 6.7, < 6.12.40","linux_kernel >= 6.13, < 6.15.8","linux_kernel = 6.16","debian_linux = 11.0"],"patched":["linux_kernel 6.15.8"],"published":"2025-08-16","updated":"2026-10-15","sourceUpdated":"2026-10-15T22:18:44.843","source":"NVD","sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-38528","references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c5f5fd47bbda17cb885fe6f03730702cd53d3f8","label":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61d5fa45ed13e42af14c7e959baba9908b8ee6d4","label":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6952aeace93f8c9ea01849efecac24dd3152c9c9","label":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/97303e541e12f1fea97834ec64b98991e8775f39","label":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7be679124bae8cf4fa6e40d7e1661baddfb3289","label":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8242745871f81a3ac37f9f51853d12854fd0b58","label":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html","label":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}],"tags":["nvd","cve.org"],"epss":0.00172,"epssPercentile":0.06531,"ssvc":{"exploitation":"none","automatable":"no","technicalImpact":"partial","timestamp":"2026-10-15T21:51:29.402427Z"},"ingestedAt":"2026-10-15T22:48:25.513Z","slug":"CVE-2025-38528","body":"## Overview\n\nIn the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Reject %p% format string in bprintf-like helpers\n\nstatic const char fmt[] = \"%p%\";\n    bpf_trace_printk(fmt, sizeof(fmt));\n\nThe above BPF program isn't rejected and causes a kernel warning at\nruntime:\n\n    Please remove unsupported %\\x00 in format string\n    WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7244 at lib/vsprintf.c:2680 format_decode+0x49c/0x5d0\n\nThis happens because bpf_bprintf_prepare skips over the second %,\ndetected as punctuation, while processing %p. This patch fixes it by\nnot skipping over punctuation. %\\x00 is then processed in the next\niteration and rejected.\n\n## Affected\n\n- `linux_kernel >= 5.13, < 5.15.190`\n- `linux_kernel >= 5.16, < 6.1.147`\n- `linux_kernel >= 6.2, < 6.6.100`\n- `linux_kernel >= 6.7, < 6.12.40`\n- `linux_kernel >= 6.13, < 6.15.8`\n- `linux_kernel = 6.16`\n- `debian_linux = 11.0`\n\n## Remediation\n\nUpgrade past the affected range:\n\n- `linux_kernel 6.15.8`","depth":"twilight","depthScore":39,"depthScoreParts":{"impact":39.1,"likelihood":0,"exploitation":0,"ransomware":0},"changes":[]}