{"id":"CVE-2026-102277","title":"The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix","summary":"The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.21, 2.1.7, 3.0.9, and 5.0.12, the expand function handles untrusted {a},b}-shaped patterns with many trailing closing braces by r…","severity":"medium","cvss":5.3,"cvssVector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","cwe":["CWE-400","CWE-407","CWE-606"],"vendor":"juliangruber","product":"brace-expansion","affected":["brace-expansion >= 4.0.0, < 5.0.12","brace-expansion >= 3.0.0, < 3.0.9","brace-expansion >= 2.0.0, < 2.1.7","brace-expansion < 1.1.21"],"patched":["brace-expansion 5.0.12","brace-expansion 3.0.9","brace-expansion 2.1.7","brace-expansion 1.1.21"],"published":"2026-09-28","updated":"2026-09-30","sourceUpdated":"2026-09-30T19:57:08.043","source":"NVD","sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-102277","references":[{"url":"https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/33a5ef17b8d800bbfa8c52b14c39043b6aac1a96","label":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/bdff773f98e5988616b7039cc9b508df5d640b22","label":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c55e67d8d8b1c56a2474afff15c2891166b2d364","label":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/ffdfa3e3806bed17c0874b8f1439b084de354a7e","label":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-q2hr-2g5m-vwhr","label":"security-advisories@github.com"},{"url":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-102277.json"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-102277"},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2542706"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-102277"},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-102277"},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-q2hr-2g5m-vwhr"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:74161"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:74167"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:74168"}],"tags":["nvd","cve.org","csaf","vex","red-hat","ghsa","npm"],"epss":0.0042,"epssPercentile":0.36086,"aliases":["GHSA-q2hr-2g5m-vwhr"],"ecosystem":"npm","ssvc":{"exploitation":"none","automatable":"yes","technicalImpact":"partial","timestamp":"2026-09-29T19:38:46.678388Z"},"ingestedAt":"2026-09-28T21:20:54.783Z","slug":"CVE-2026-102277","body":"## Overview\n\nThe brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.21, 2.1.7, 3.0.9, and 5.0.12, the expand function handles untrusted {a},b}-shaped patterns with many trailing closing braces by restarting its scan once for each trailing closing brace. The successive full-input rescans with linear working-string growth cause quadratic CPU time and memory pressure that can block the Node.js event loop. The process eventually recovers, making the impact a recoverable CPU denial of service. This issue is fixed in versions 1.1.21, 2.1.7, 3.0.9, and 5.0.12.\n\n## Remediation\n\nRefer to the linked advisories for vendor-supplied fixes and affected version ranges.\n\n## Package advisory (CVE-2026-102277)\n\nAffected packages:\n\n- `brace-expansion >= 4.0.0, < 5.0.12`\n- `brace-expansion >= 3.0.0, < 3.0.9`\n- `brace-expansion >= 2.0.0, < 2.1.7`\n- `brace-expansion < 1.1.21`\n\nPatched in:\n\n- `brace-expansion 5.0.12`\n- `brace-expansion 3.0.9`\n- `brace-expansion 2.1.7`\n- `brace-expansion 1.1.21`\n\nSource: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-q2hr-2g5m-vwhr\n\n## Vendor advisories\n\n- **Red Hat VEX** · Moderate · affected: Cost Management On Premise, Cryostat 4, Exploit Intelligence, Migration Toolkit for Applications 8, Migration Toolkit for Containers, Node HealthCheck Operator, … · no fix planned: Cost Management On Premise, Cryostat 4, Exploit Intelligence, Migration Toolkit for Applications 8, … · updated 2026-10-16 · [vex](https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-102277.json)\n- **RHSA-2026:74161** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat Hardened Images · released 2026-09-30 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:74161)\n- **RHSA-2026:74167** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat Hardened Images · released 2026-09-30 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:74167)\n- **RHSA-2026:74168** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat Hardened Images · released 2026-09-30 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:74168)","depth":"sunlit","depthScore":29,"depthScoreParts":{"impact":29.2,"likelihood":0.1,"exploitation":0,"ransomware":0},"changes":[]}