---
id: CVE-2023-52992
title: 'bpf: Skip task with pid=1 in send_signal_common()'
summary: |-
  In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

  bpf: Skip task with pid=1 in send_signal_common()

  The following kernel panic can be triggered when a task with pid=1 attaches
  a prog that attempts to send killing sign…
severity: none
vendor: Linux
product: Linux
affected:
  - >-
    Linux >= 8b401f9ed2441ad9e219953927a842d24ed051fc <
    4923160393b06a34759a11b17930d71e06f396f2
  - >-
    Linux >= 8b401f9ed2441ad9e219953927a842d24ed051fc <
    a1c0263f1eb4deee132e11e52ee6982435460d81
  - >-
    Linux >= 8b401f9ed2441ad9e219953927a842d24ed051fc <
    0dfef503133565fa0bcf3268d8eeb5b181191a65
  - >-
    Linux >= 8b401f9ed2441ad9e219953927a842d24ed051fc <
    1283a01b6e19d05f7ed49584ea653947245cd41e
  - >-
    Linux >= 8b401f9ed2441ad9e219953927a842d24ed051fc <
    a3d81bc1eaef48e34dd0b9b48eefed9e02a06451
  - Linux 5.3
ssvc:
  exploitation: none
  automatable: 'no'
  technicalImpact: partial
  timestamp: '2026-11-05T20:14:12.333226Z'
published: '2025-03-27'
updated: '2026-11-05'
sourceUpdated: '2026-11-05T20:20:53.626Z'
source: CVEORG
sourceUrl: 'https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52992'
references:
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4923160393b06a34759a11b17930d71e06f396f2'
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a1c0263f1eb4deee132e11e52ee6982435460d81'
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0dfef503133565fa0bcf3268d8eeb5b181191a65'
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1283a01b6e19d05f7ed49584ea653947245cd41e'
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a3d81bc1eaef48e34dd0b9b48eefed9e02a06451'
tags:
  - cve.org
epss: 0.00268
epssPercentile: 0.19097
ingestedAt: '2026-11-05T22:38:31.752Z'
---

## Overview

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bpf: Skip task with pid=1 in send_signal_common()

The following kernel panic can be triggered when a task with pid=1 attaches
a prog that attempts to send killing signal to itself, also see [1] for more
details:

  Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! exitcode=0x0000000b
  CPU: 3 PID: 1 Comm: systemd Not tainted 6.1.0-09652-g59fe41b5255f #148
  Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]
  dump_stack_lvl+0x100/0x178 lib/dump_stack.c:106
  panic+0x2c4/0x60f kernel/panic.c:275
  do_exit.cold+0x63/0xe4 kernel/exit.c:789
  do_group_exit+0xd4/0x2a0 kernel/exit.c:950
  get_signal+0x2460/0x2600 kernel/signal.c:2858
  arch_do_signal_or_restart+0x78/0x5d0 arch/x86/kernel/signal.c:306
  exit_to_user_mode_loop kernel/entry/common.c:168 [inline]
  exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x15f/0x250 kernel/entry/common.c:203
  __syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work kernel/entry/common.c:285 [inline]
  syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x1d/0x50 kernel/entry/common.c:296
  do_syscall_64+0x44/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:86
  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd

So skip task with pid=1 in bpf_send_signal_common() to avoid the panic.

  [1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221222043507.33037-1-sunhao.th@gmail.com

## Affected

- `Linux >= 8b401f9ed2441ad9e219953927a842d24ed051fc < 4923160393b06a34759a11b17930d71e06f396f2`
- `Linux >= 8b401f9ed2441ad9e219953927a842d24ed051fc < a1c0263f1eb4deee132e11e52ee6982435460d81`
- `Linux >= 8b401f9ed2441ad9e219953927a842d24ed051fc < 0dfef503133565fa0bcf3268d8eeb5b181191a65`
- `Linux >= 8b401f9ed2441ad9e219953927a842d24ed051fc < 1283a01b6e19d05f7ed49584ea653947245cd41e`
- `Linux >= 8b401f9ed2441ad9e219953927a842d24ed051fc < a3d81bc1eaef48e34dd0b9b48eefed9e02a06451`
- `Linux 5.3`

## Remediation

Refer to the linked advisories for vendor-supplied fixes and affected version ranges.