---
id: CVE-2026-103001
title: PyJWT is a Python implementation of JSON Web Token standards
summary: >-
  PyJWT is a Python implementation of JSON Web Token standards. From 2.11.0
  through 2.13.0, PyJWT's PyJWT._merge_options() method can modify a
  caller-supplied mutable options mapping when verify_signature is false. If an
  application reuses…
severity: medium
cvss: 6.5
cvssVector: 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N'
cwe:
  - CWE-471
  - CWE-358
vendor: pyjwt_project
product: pyjwt
affected:
  - 'pyjwt >= 2.11.0, < 2.13.0'
patched:
  - pyjwt 2.13.0
published: '2026-09-30'
updated: '2026-10-08'
sourceUpdated: '2026-10-08T13:13:53.857'
source: NVD
sourceUrl: 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-103001'
references:
  - url: >-
      https://github.com/jpadilla/pyjwt/commit/0c87c8c8b1a74cac99ad8115f3050efcb7fbed35
    label: security-advisories@github.com
  - url: 'https://github.com/jpadilla/pyjwt/issues/679'
    label: security-advisories@github.com
  - url: 'https://github.com/jpadilla/pyjwt/security/advisories/GHSA-gvp8-978c-rx2q'
    label: security-advisories@github.com
  - url: 'https://github.com/jpadilla/pyjwt/security/advisories/GHSA-gvp8-978c-rx2q'
    label: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
  - url: 'https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-gvp8-978c-rx2q'
  - url: 'https://github.com/jpadilla/pyjwt'
  - url: >-
      https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-103001.json
  - url: 'https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-103001'
  - url: 'https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2544369'
  - url: 'https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-103001'
  - url: 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-103001'
  - url: 'https://pypi.org/project/pyjwt'
  - url: 'https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:82415'
  - url: 'https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:82368'
  - url: 'https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:82061'
  - url: 'https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:82059'
  - url: 'https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:82371'
tags:
  - nvd
  - cve.org
  - exploit-available
  - ghsa
  - pip
  - osv
  - csaf
  - vex
  - red-hat
epss: 0.00257
epssPercentile: 0.17465
aliases:
  - GHSA-gvp8-978c-rx2q
  - PYSEC-2026-4146
ecosystem: pip
exploitAvailable: true
ssvc:
  exploitation: poc
  automatable: 'no'
  technicalImpact: partial
  timestamp: '2026-10-05T23:47:10.360725Z'
ingestedAt: '2026-09-30T22:27:27.820Z'
---

## Overview

PyJWT is a Python implementation of JSON Web Token standards. From 2.11.0 through 2.13.0, PyJWT's PyJWT._merge_options() method can modify a caller-supplied mutable options mapping when verify_signature is false. If an application reuses that same mapping for a later decode() or decode_complete() call and changes verify_signature to true, the mapping can retain false values for expiration, not-before, issued-at, audience, issuer, subject, and JWT ID checks. A signed token with invalid registered claims can then be accepted without disabling signature verification, but applications that create a fresh options mapping for each call are not affected.

## Affected

- `pyjwt >= 2.11.0, < 2.13.0`

## Remediation

Upgrade past the affected range:

- `pyjwt 2.13.0`

## Package advisory (CVE-2026-103001)

Affected packages:

- `PyJWT >= 2.11.0, <= 2.13.0`

Source: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-gvp8-978c-rx2q

## Vendor advisories

- **Red Hat VEX** · Moderate · affected: Ansible Automation Orchestrator 2026, Confidential Compute Attestation, Fence Agents Remediation Operator, Lightspeed Core, Migration Toolkit for Applications 8, OpenShift Lightspeed, … · no fix planned: Ansible Automation Orchestrator 2026, Confidential Compute Attestation, Fence Agents Remediation Operator, Lightspeed Core, … · updated 2026-10-16 · [vex](https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-103001.json)
- **RHSA-2026:82415** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 · released 2026-10-13 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:82415)
- **RHSA-2026:82368** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 · released 2026-10-13 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:82368)
- **RHSA-2026:82061** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 · released 2026-10-13 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:82061)
- **RHSA-2026:82059** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 · released 2026-10-13 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:82059)
- **RHSA-2026:82371** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.5 · released 2026-10-13 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:82371)