--- id: CVE-2026-108359 aliases: - GHSA-j2w7-387v-m2rq title: >- PhpSpreadsheet ODS Reader: Unbounded number-rows-repeated → CPU & Memory Exhaustion (DoS) summary: >- PhpSpreadsheet ODS Reader: Unbounded number-rows-repeated → CPU & Memory Exhaustion (DoS) severity: high cvss: 8.7 cwe: - CWE-400 - CWE-789 vendor: phpoffice product: phpoffice/phpspreadsheet ecosystem: composer affected: - 'phpoffice/phpspreadsheet >= 4.0.0, <= 5.9.0' - 'phpoffice/phpspreadsheet >= 3.3.0, <= 3.10.7' - 'phpoffice/phpspreadsheet >= 2.2.0, <= 2.4.7' - 'phpoffice/phpspreadsheet >= 2.0.0, <= 2.1.18' - phpoffice/phpspreadsheet <= 1.30.6 patched: - phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 5.10.0 - phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 3.10.8 - phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 2.4.8 - phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 2.1.19 - phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 1.30.7 published: '2026-10-27' updated: '2026-10-27' sourceUpdated: '2026-10-27T15:38:35Z' source: GHSA sourceUrl: 'https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-j2w7-387v-m2rq' references: - url: >- https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/security/advisories/GHSA-j2w7-387v-m2rq - url: 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-108359' - url: >- https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/commit/299993894dce37aa3b64aa23e9a3f4bb77ab0e66 - url: >- https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/commit/2de29384aa11223ee08136c0e6a9e9981bc1a2eb - url: >- https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/commit/980b5c294493856f1a25754f1e8a1d2185b93738 - url: >- https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/commit/9a0b48622ebfe93fa48cb9bc09ce57303bb07af9 - url: >- https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/commit/da13f40e8760d599b0e8a296017d4b028b20e86c - url: 'https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/releases/tag/1.30.7' - url: 'https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/releases/tag/2.1.19' - url: 'https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/releases/tag/2.4.8' - url: 'https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/releases/tag/3.10.8' - url: 'https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/releases/tag/5.10.0' - url: 'https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-j2w7-387v-m2rq' tags: - ghsa - composer - cve.org epss: 0.00407 epssPercentile: 0.34763 cvssVector: 'CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N' cvssSource: cna ingestedAt: '2026-10-22T22:00:50.355Z' --- ## Overview ## Summary When PhpSpreadsheet loads an OpenDocument Spreadsheet (`.ods`), `Ods::processTableRow()` reads the `table:number-rows-repeated` attribute of a `` with an unchecked `(int)` cast, then materialises one cell per repeated row. This value is **completely unbounded**, so a **single ~1.4 KB file** can instruct the reader to create up to **millions of cells**, exhausting memory (fatal OOM). No authentication, no special configuration, and the default read filter are required - any application that loads a user-supplied `.ods` is affected. --- ## Affected versions The `number-rows-repeated` expansion has existed in the ODS reader since its inception (pre-dating the current release branches), so all maintained lines are affected. | Branch | Affected | |--------|----------| | 1.x | ≤ 1.30.6 | | 2.0–2.1 | ≤ 2.1.18 | | 2.2–2.4 | ≤ 2.4.7 | | 3.x | ≤ 3.10.7 | | 4.x–5.x | ≤ 5.9.0 (latest) | --- ## Root cause (source → sink) `src/PhpSpreadsheet/Reader/Ods.php`: ```php // line 816 — row repeat, unchecked (int) cast $rowRepeats = (int) $childNode->getAttributeNS($tableNs, 'number-rows-repeated'); ... // line 1151 — row materialisation loop: NO upper bound for ($rowAdjust = 0; $rowAdjust < $rowRepeats; ++$rowAdjust) { $rID = $rowID + $rowAdjust; $cell = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getCell($columnID . $rID); // allocates a Cell $cell->setValueExplicit($dataValue, $type); // ... no bounds check on $rowAdjust or $rID ... } ``` **Why columns are NOT vulnerable (already bounded):** The column-header loop at line 1326 shows the correct pattern with bounds checking: ```php // line 1326 (processTableColumnHeader): BOUNDED correctly for ($rowRepeats2 = $rowRepeats; $rowRepeats2 > 0 && $tableColumnIndex2 <= AddressRange::MAX_COLUMN_INT; --$rowRepeats2) { // HAS BOUNDS CHECK: && $tableColumnIndex2 <= AddressRange::MAX_COLUMN_INT } ``` Additionally, the cell-data column loop at line 1141 calls `getCell()` which throws exception at `Coordinate.php:448` when column exceeds `MAX_COLUMN_INT` (XFD / 16,384): ```php // Coordinate.php line 448 if ($columnIndex > self::MAX_COLUMN_INT) { throw new Exception('Column string index can not be beyond XFD'); } ``` **Result:** Columns are capped at 16,384. Only rows are unbounded. --- ## Impact **Memory exhaustion (single valued cell, repeated many rows):** A non-null cell value with a huge `number-rows-repeated` attribute materialises millions of `Cell` objects → PHP fatal `Allowed memory size ... exhausted`. **Example:** - Payload: `` (5 million rows) - File size: 1.4 KB - Memory consumed: ~256 MB (one Cell object per row) - Result: OOM at default memory limit --- ## Reproduction **Vulnerable payload (causes OOM):** ```xml 1 ``` **Not vulnerable (for reference - throws exception):** ```xml 1 ``` This column-repeat example throws `Column string index can not be beyond XFD` exception (bounded defense, already in place). ## Affected packages - `phpoffice/phpspreadsheet >= 4.0.0, <= 5.9.0` - `phpoffice/phpspreadsheet >= 3.3.0, <= 3.10.7` - `phpoffice/phpspreadsheet >= 2.2.0, <= 2.4.7` - `phpoffice/phpspreadsheet >= 2.0.0, <= 2.1.18` - `phpoffice/phpspreadsheet <= 1.30.6` ## Remediation Upgrade to a patched release: - `phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 5.10.0` - `phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 3.10.8` - `phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 2.4.8` - `phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 2.1.19` - `phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 1.30.7`