---
id: CVE-2026-22994
title: |-
  In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

  bpf: Fix reference count leak in bpf_prog_test_run_xdp()

  syzbot is reporting

    unregister_netdevice: waiting for sit0 to become free
summary: |-
  In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

  bpf: Fix reference count leak in bpf_prog_test_run_xdp()

  syzbot is reporting

    unregister_netdevice: waiting for sit0 to become free. Usage count = 2

  problem. A debu…
severity: medium
cvss: 5.5
cvssVector: 'CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H'
vendor: linux
product: linux_kernel
affected:
  - 'linux_kernel >= 5.18, < 6.1.161'
  - 'linux_kernel >= 6.2, < 6.6.121'
  - 'linux_kernel >= 6.7, < 6.12.66'
  - 'linux_kernel >= 6.13, < 6.18.6'
  - linux_kernel = 6.19
patched:
  - linux_kernel 6.18.6
published: '2026-01-23'
updated: '2026-10-15'
sourceUpdated: '2026-10-15T02:18:39.027'
source: NVD
sourceUrl: 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-22994'
references:
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/368569bc546d3368ee9980ba79fc42fdff9a3365'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/737be05a765761d7d7c9f7fe92274bd8e6f6951e'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98676ee71fd4eafeb8be63c7f3f1905d40e03101'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec69daabe45256f98ac86c651b8ad1b2574489a7'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fb9ef40cccdbacce36029b305d0ef1e12e4fea38'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html'
    label: 0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e
  - url: 'https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-457936.html'
    label: 0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e
tags:
  - nvd
  - cve.org
epss: 0.0014
epssPercentile: 0.03399
ingestedAt: '2026-09-08T15:33:26.994Z'
---

## Overview

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bpf: Fix reference count leak in bpf_prog_test_run_xdp()

syzbot is reporting

  unregister_netdevice: waiting for sit0 to become free. Usage count = 2

problem. A debug printk() patch found that a refcount is obtained at
xdp_convert_md_to_buff() from bpf_prog_test_run_xdp().

According to commit ec94670fcb3b ("bpf: Support specifying ingress via
xdp_md context in BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN"), the refcount obtained by
xdp_convert_md_to_buff() will be released by xdp_convert_buff_to_md().

Therefore, we can consider that the error handling path introduced by
commit 1c1949982524 ("bpf: introduce frags support to
bpf_prog_test_run_xdp()") forgot to call xdp_convert_buff_to_md().

## Affected

- `linux_kernel >= 5.18, < 6.1.161`
- `linux_kernel >= 6.2, < 6.6.121`
- `linux_kernel >= 6.7, < 6.12.66`
- `linux_kernel >= 6.13, < 6.18.6`
- `linux_kernel = 6.19`

## Remediation

Upgrade past the affected range:

- `linux_kernel 6.18.6`